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Ski JumpingGeneral Information

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Ski Jumping Techniques

Sport overview

Ski jumping is a spectacular sport that involves skiing down a steep ramp, taking off, jumping as far as possible and then landing smoothly without falling over. Its best practitioners hold their near horizontal pose-and their nerve- as they soar through the air until bringing their skis down at the last second. Skiers in this popular and predominantly male winter sport compete not only for the longest distance jumped but also for the style of their take off, flight and landing.

Athlete profile

Ski jumpers must have nerves of steel and head for heights. The top athletes start jumping from around the age of five gradually building up confidence by jumping from higher hills. Once the basic skills have been honed, jumpers perfect each part of the jump by training on smaller hills. Endurance is vital and most of the top ski jumpers include cross training to build up cardiovascular fitness.

Events on the hill

Competitors start from a jumping ramp on to two types of ski jumping hill. A K90 hill measures 90m from the take off table to the recommended landing point or K point. A K120 hill measures 120m. Competitions usually have two jumps in three events, an individual K90 jump, an individual K120 jump and a team competition on the K120 hill.

Farther and farther

Chancing techniques have enabled jumpers to fly farther and farther. At first, jumps were only about 45m. In the 1920s, jumpers flew 100m with the Kongsberger technique, they lean forwards, bodies bent at the hip, arms extended, and their skis parallel. In the 1950s, Swiss skier Andreas Daescher brought the arms towards the body to squeeze out an extra few meters. In 1985, Jan Boklöv of Sweden pioneered the flying V technique. The skier holds the tips of the skis apart in a V shape, thereby gaining both extra lift and stability.

Scoring

Judges score for distance and style. A skier who jumps to the K point is given 60 points. Two points per meter are added or deducted on K90 hills for longer or shorter jumps, 1.8 points for K120 hills. Five judges also award up to 20 points each for style: good body position during take- off, flight and landing; steady skis in flight. The distance score and middle three style scores are combined to give the jump an overall score. The skier with the highest score for two jump wins.

Individual/Team	Gender	Events/Disciplines	Set of Medals
			4 Medal Events
Individual	M	K125	Men – 5 sets Women – 1 set
Individual	M	K95
Team	M	K95
Individual	W	K95

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Russia	14	14	10
South Korea	7	3	5
Ukraine	6	5	4
United States of America	5	2	0
France	4	4	4
Japan	4	3	3
Slovakia	4	0	2
China	3	3	4
Germany	3	3	1
Czech Republic	3	2	3
Slovenia	2	2	4
Switzerland	2	1	3
Austria	2	1	1
Italy	1	3	4
Canada	1	3	1
Finland	1	2	0
Kazakhstan	1	0	6
Great Britain	1	0	0
Poland	0	6	3
Sweden	0	2	2
Bulgaria	0	2	2
Belarus	0	1	1
Turkey	0	1	0
Spain	0	1	0
Hungary	0	0	1
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